Deflation despite increases in money supply발음듣기
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Let's revisit the island or the universe that only has a farmer and a builder in it.발음듣기
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Let's think about a different scenario.발음듣기
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Let's think about a scenario where they each start off with a lot of physical currency.발음듣기
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We're in a universe that's starts off with much more physical currency than the last example.발음듣기
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Where the universe had only 4 gold coins.발음듣기
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Let's say that the farmer right over here starts off with ... and I'll right down the number instead of drawing the coins. Actually let me draw the coins, that's kind of fun. Let's say he starts off with 5 gold coins, and the builder also starts off with 5 gold coins.발음듣기
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Entering into this year, the farmer is feeling pretty pessimistic. He goes to the builder.발음듣기
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He tells builder look I just want the base level of construction or maintenance or whatever going on in my farm today.발음듣기
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I can only afford 1 coin of business from you, or what you can do for 1 coin. He gives that coin to the builder.발음듣기
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The builders feeling pretty pessimistic.발음듣기
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Normally the farmer starts off the year much better than that.발음듣기
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He says that this clearly going to be a bad year.발음듣기
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I'm only going to buy my base necessities for food.발음듣기
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He goes to the farmer and says look even though I have ... he's not going to tell the farmer that he's hoarding all of his cash.발음듣기
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He's going to say look farmer, things are bad, business is bad, I'm preparing for the worse.발음듣기
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Just give me the base minimum, cheapest, simplest, food you can that'll keep me alive.발음듣기
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So, he only gives 1 coin back to the farmer.발음듣기
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Imagine that the money supply actually increases.발음듣기
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For whatever reason the farmer digs around in his backyard and finds some more gold.발음듣기
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Then the builder, also, while building a building actually discovers a huge chest of gold right over here. Their still feeling pretty pessimistic.발음듣기
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Maybe their just pessimistic people.발음듣기
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The farmer despite this increase in the money supply, this gold that he discovers.발음듣기
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He's like how frequently am I going to discover gold like that.발음듣기
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That was just a one off thing a bonanza that I just happened to run into.발음듣기
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The business itself is pretty bad.발음듣기
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It was even worse last year then it normally is.발음듣기
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I'm going to spend as little as possible.발음듣기
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I'm going to go to the builder, and I'm going to say look things seem to only be getting worse.발음듣기
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I can only afford half a coin worth of what you have to offer, before this base maintenance.발음듣기
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The builders thinking gee.발음듣기
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That's even worse than last year, but I have all this extra capacity I could be building so much more. I have people who aren't working. Sure, I'll take it.발음듣기
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I'll take your half coin, and I'll deliver that same service for that half of a coin.발음듣기
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He does it, and essentially, his price had gone down despite the fact there's more currency.발음듣기
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The builder, even though he dug around and found all this gold, he's feeling even worse.발음듣기
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The price of what he's offering has gone down.발음듣기
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He's got even less revenue in total in absolute gold coins now.발음듣기
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When he goes to the farmer.발음듣기
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He's like, I have to buy that base level food. Otherwise, my family's going to starve.발음듣기
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Business is worse than ever.발음듣기
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I'm so pessimistic.발음듣기
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He doesn't even tell the farmer that he discovered all of this.발음듣기
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That he's hoarding all of this. So, he's say farmer, i can just afford half a coin worth of stuff.발음듣기
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The farmer says well I guess so, since the building prices have gone down, and I can buy more with that half of coin. I have all this surplus labor, and surplus capacity on my farm.발음듣기
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Sure, I will take a half of coin for the same thing last year I took a full coin for.발음듣기
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You see the situation where deflation is occurring even though the money supply has increase.발음듣기
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Of course, I'm exaggerating things.발음듣기
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In normally if you have this large of bonanza, and the money supply, people would start to get optimistic and would start to spend money.발음듣기
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It would probably lead to deflation.발음듣기
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The main point here is to realize that it isn't just driven by the absolute quantity of the currency.발음듣기
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That's important, but just as important are confidence and what confidence drives, and that's specifically the velocity of money.발음듣기
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The transactions of money.발음듣기
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The higher the velocity ... or quantity matters.발음듣기
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But quantity times velocity what really drives the level of prices.발음듣기
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